Human anatomy and physiology-1st. || topic- lymphatic system

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   ≦ Lymphatic system≧

✷ Lymph are the filtered product of blood which contain large amount of WBC and small amount of plasma.

✷ This system includes lymph , lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, lymphatic organs and lymphatic capillaries.

✷ This system was first introduced by  gasproaseli in 1627.

✷ When blood flows in blood vessels then due to construction of blood vessels it's WBC part is driend out and collected in a separate vessel lymphatic vessels.

 



                ≦Composition of lymph≧

✷ lymph is very similar to the WBC and plasma and it contains fat and in lesser amount of protein.

✷ In lymph the lymphocytes cells concerntration is very high than other WBC cells.

✷ As compare to blood they are alkaline in nature and contains very neglizable amount of Neutrients and protein.

✷In lymph large amount of fat & lipid is present and less amount Calcuim and phosphorus is present.

✷ lymph also contain large amount of antigen and antibody which supports the immune system of human body .

           ≦ Part of lymphatic system≧

This includes;

1. Lymphatic vessels

2. Lymphatic capillaries

3. Lymphatic nodes 

4.  Lymphatic organ

≦Lymph vessels and lymph circulation≧

✷ The lymph produced in lymph nodes and lymphatic organs such as spleen, thymus , tonsil and circulate to the whole body with the help of lymphatic vessels and capplaries.

✷ The lymphatic capillaries are thin walled capplaries whose walls are made of single layer of cell.

✷ The network of capillaries spreat into the interstitial space so that they remain in close to the cell walls and blood capillaries.

✷ The lymph flow in lymph vessels and capplaries they transport Oxygen , Neutrients and harmones to the cell because blood vessels are not directly in contact with cells.

                           ≦Lymph nodes≧

✷ That place where larger lymph capplaries are joined and make a station , this is called lymph nodes.

✷ Lymph nodes are present at several places in body .

✷ Lymphatic vessels are larger in size and where many Lymphatic vessels combined to form a lymphatic duct.

✷ Many Lymphatic ducts  are open into a main duct called thoracic duct which is present on left side.

✷ the maximum lymphatic duct are run into right side.

✷ t The thoracic duct pours   its contents into the left sub clavial located in the neck region.

                        ≦Lymphatic ≧

✷ Spleen is  a prominent gland slightly smaller than kidney and has a dark purple colour.

✷ It is located in the left side and attached with the outer surface of fundus part of the stomach.

✷ It's outer surface touch the diaphragm from above  and kidney from left side.

✷ Spleen is made up of connective tissue and their large space filled with lymphoid tissue card splenic pulp.

✷ Spleen  is also included in a capsule of collagenous  tissue and muscle fibres.

                      ≦ Function of spleen≧ 

✷ In the spleen  red pulp are found whose maine function  is the mechanical filtration of red blood cells.

✷ The function of white pulp is activating immune through humoral and cell medicated pathway.


✷ Spleen produced all type of blood cell during fatal life.

✷ It's act as a major lymphoid organ and a central player in the reticular endothelial system.





                                         Thankyou






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