Pharmaceutical organic chemistry 2nd || Important Synthesis and reaction of benzene

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Pharmaceutical engineering || Manometer

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        ★ Manometer★ • It is a device of instrument which is Used to measure pressure difference. Types of manometer- 1. Simple manometer a. U tube manometer b. Piezometer c. Single column manometer 2. Differential manometer a. U tube differential manometer b. Inverted U-tube differential manometer Simple manometer-; Simple manometer are made up glass tubes one end of those remain open to the atmosphere and the other hand are collected to the point were pressure to be measure. Principle-; • It were one of the principle of hydrostatic equilibrium and is used for measuring pressure ( static pressure). • Exceded by a stil liquid or gas hydrostatic equilibrium state that the pressure at any point in a fluid at rest is equal and it's value is just the weight of the over living Fluids. • The manometer is the simplest instrument for gauge pressure low range pressure instrument alaning the pressure against the weight of a coloum In liquid. • The action of are manometer depen...
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B.pharma 1st semester Notes pharmaceutical analysis unit - 4th- Redox Titrations

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          //  Redox Titrations \\ • A Redox titration is a type of titration in which titrant and titrand react through and oxidation reduction reaction. • The end point of a Redox titration is detected by using indicators. Principles of Redox titration; Reduction—  • The subtances  can undergo reduction by followin. • The addition of hydrogen. •The removal of oxygen. • The acceptance of electrons. Example- fe³+→fe ²+  Oxidation— • Addition of oxygen. • Removal of hydrogen. • Loss/ donation of electrons. Example- fe²+ → fe³+ Oxidising agents;  •An oxidising agent is a chemical species that causes that other reactant in a redox reaction to be oxidized, and it is always reduced in the process. Example- Ag + , O², O³
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Diabetes mellitus short notes -

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